Going on this week is the annual World Economic Forum where leaders from around the world discuss major impacts. Green investment is becoming a mature sector – the World Economic Forum publishes the Green Investment Report recently. The
report documents major growth in investment. It also finds that developing
countries are increasingly becoming an important source of capital. Here's a list of top 10 myths about climate change and green investments.
From http://forumblog.org/2013/01/top-10-myths-about-climate-change-and-green-investment/
Top 10 myths about climate change and
green investment
1. Reduced economic activity due to
the financial crisis has resulted in a global reduction in greenhouse gases.
False – while some countries have seen
emission reductions, the United Nations Environment Programme estimated global
emissions in 2011 at 40 billion tonnes of CO2, 20% higher than 2000 levels.
2. The renewable energy market is
in global decline.
Not true – the global renewable energy
market has in fact been counter-cyclical to the economy: global investment in
renewable power and fuels increased 17% to a new record of US$ 257 billion in
2011. The removal or roll-back of government subsidies has caused some firms to
struggle. But other firms have maintained a positive gross margin and the
expectation for 2013 is for a restructuring and emergence of a stronger, more
focused industry sector.
3. Industrialized (OECD) countries
are the leading clean energy investors.
Not true – in 2012, investment
originating from non-OECD countries is set to exceed that from OECD countries.
In fact, cross-border and domestic investment originating from non-OECD
countries grew 15-fold between 2004 and 2011 at a rate of 47% per year. Most of
this non-OECD finance is being used domestically.
4. The public sector is the primary
source of funds for climate-friendly investments.
Untrue – while the international climate
negotiations focus almost entirely on public finance, in fact, the Climate
Policy Initiative documented that in 2011, only one-quarter of cross-border
investment in climate change mitigation and adaptation was from public sources
(US$ 96 billion); fully 75% came from private investors (US$ 268 billion).
5. Cross-border investment in clean
energy is a bigger source of finance than domestic investment.
Again not true – in 2011, Bloomberg New
Energy Finance reported that 70% of global investment in clean energy was from
domestic sources. Interestingly, of this, more than 50% was from non-OECD
countries.
6. We cannot address the climate
challenge due to fiscal austerity and limited government budgets.
Untrue: While the International Energy
Agency (IEA) estimates that US$ 700 billion per year in additional investment
is needed to stabilize the climate at two degrees Celsius, the corresponding
fuel savings make the transition much easier – between 2010 and 2050, the IEA
predicts a net savings of US$ 5 trillion. Further, innovative public-private
financing mechanisms have proved successful in reducing and distributing risks
and drawing in private investment.
7. Renewable energy is the sector
that requires the greatest investment.
This is false – the IEA estimates that
more than half of the new investment required per year to 2030 to meet the
climate challenge is needed for energy efficiency in the buildings and
industrial sectors; 28% is needed for low-carbon transport and 21% is needed
for clean power.
8. Investors do not have the right
tools to manage the political risk associated with clean energy investments in
emerging markets.
While investors have strong perceptions
of risks, this is untrue. The Green Investment Report documents a number of
existing products and solutions that development finance institutions (DFIs) are
using to address investor risk, including loan guarantees, partial risk/credit
guarantees and political and regulatory risk insurance cover. These tools are
targeting new emerging markets where private lenders are not initially
comfortable or familiar with green technologies.
9. It is difficult to mobilize
finance for green growth in an uncertain economic environment.
False – the report finds that, despite
the global economic slowdown, total new global investment in clean energy grew
to US$ 257 billion in 2011. This represented a six-fold increase from 2004 and
was 93% higher than in 2007, the year before the global financial crisis. In
addition, the multilateral development banks made US$ 1.9 billion in investment
through the innovative Clean Technology Fund, which has achieved mobilization
of a further US$ 16.4 billion of private finance to date. This sort of
leveraging effect has been seen in a number of instruments and can be
replicated to scale up further private investment.
10. Institutional investors do not
have the means to invest in green infrastructure financing.
Not true – green bonds have
significant potential as a means to access deep pools of low-cost capital held
by institutional investors for green and climate change-related projects. Institutional
investors are natural buyers of green bonds, given their appetite for
investment in low-risk fixed income products with long-term maturities that
match their long-term liabilities. The Climate Bonds Initiative estimates the
size of the global climate or “green bond” market at US$ 174 billion.
